By: Edson Guerrero
Within the process of state reform issues of efficiency, effectiveness, transparency and sustainability have been the subject of reflection and theorization of public institutions and within more clearly in Government Local. The people and their organizations have lost credibility and confidence in their local managers and therefore say "we want to participate in municipal governance to ensure transparency, honesty and quality of investment." Pronouncements about it are favorable international organizations like the World Bank, UNDP, PAHO, WHO, and others, which state that citizens and should not be beneficiaries but subjects or actors in their own development.
For these reasons I intend to point out some facts about public participation, to better empower the concept and role of change in our region. Calling the attention of those mayors who are authoritarian tyrants, liars, defaulted on its commitments and take the opportunity to turn around 360 degrees and look aliarce with grassroots organizations to make a good municipal management.
Within the process of state reform issues of efficiency, effectiveness, transparency and sustainability have been the subject of reflection and theorization of public institutions and within more clearly in Government Local. The people and their organizations have lost credibility and confidence in their local managers and therefore say "we want to participate in municipal governance to ensure transparency, honesty and quality of investment." Pronouncements about it are favorable international organizations like the World Bank, UNDP, PAHO, WHO, and others, which state that citizens and should not be beneficiaries but subjects or actors in their own development.
For these reasons I intend to point out some facts about public participation, to better empower the concept and role of change in our region. Calling the attention of those mayors who are authoritarian tyrants, liars, defaulted on its commitments and take the opportunity to turn around 360 degrees and look aliarce with grassroots organizations to make a good municipal management.
1) WHAT IS CITIZEN PARTICIPATION?
Francisco Lliset Borrell defines participation as ".... the set of techniques that allow for citizen engagement in the organization or activity of the Public Administration without integrated into the bureaucratic structures (...). That does not become involved, of course, officer, employee nor a benevolent or interested. The acts involved as a citizen, concerned about the general interest and not as direct and personal interest, the content of its action is not economic, but political. "
The participating employee does not become public and his attitude should not be construed as a favor to society and it is the duty and right of citizens taking part in public policy decisions beyond the simple act of voting in elections periodicals.
The economic situation of our peoples and the need to develop ways to make participation is in the drive mechanism of economic and social development. Thus, participation is seen as a process through which individuals and community are actively involved in all stages of development, creating greater equity and sustainability.
From forgoing define participation as "... a gradual process by which integrates the citizen individually or collectively, in decision-making, monitoring, control and execution of actions in public and private matters that affect political, economic, social and environmental fields to allow full development as human beings and the community in which it operates. "
Under this conceptual ideas, things change, the mayors and managers of other public sectors under the guise of public participation using organizations and their members for personal gain or out, but the scientific guidance of participation is that the population as agent of development, which is responsible for the success or failure in your area. That is a binding participation and not speculative, to assume responsibilities implied, which is active throughout the management process. An organized and effective participation quickly kills the old paradigms of management: Authoritarianism, cuadillistas, personal enrichment, etc.. why people say "DOWN THE MAYORS authoritarian" REVOCATION TO MAYORS Inefficiency, INEFICASES, opaque ... " ETC.
Francisco Lliset Borrell defines participation as ".... the set of techniques that allow for citizen engagement in the organization or activity of the Public Administration without integrated into the bureaucratic structures (...). That does not become involved, of course, officer, employee nor a benevolent or interested. The acts involved as a citizen, concerned about the general interest and not as direct and personal interest, the content of its action is not economic, but political. "
The participating employee does not become public and his attitude should not be construed as a favor to society and it is the duty and right of citizens taking part in public policy decisions beyond the simple act of voting in elections periodicals.
The economic situation of our peoples and the need to develop ways to make participation is in the drive mechanism of economic and social development. Thus, participation is seen as a process through which individuals and community are actively involved in all stages of development, creating greater equity and sustainability.
From forgoing define participation as "... a gradual process by which integrates the citizen individually or collectively, in decision-making, monitoring, control and execution of actions in public and private matters that affect political, economic, social and environmental fields to allow full development as human beings and the community in which it operates. "
Under this conceptual ideas, things change, the mayors and managers of other public sectors under the guise of public participation using organizations and their members for personal gain or out, but the scientific guidance of participation is that the population as agent of development, which is responsible for the success or failure in your area. That is a binding participation and not speculative, to assume responsibilities implied, which is active throughout the management process. An organized and effective participation quickly kills the old paradigms of management: Authoritarianism, cuadillistas, personal enrichment, etc.. why people say "DOWN THE MAYORS authoritarian" REVOCATION TO MAYORS Inefficiency, INEFICASES, opaque ... " ETC.
2) HOW MANY WAYS TO CITIZEN PARTICIPATION THERE?.
Prats Catalá, distinguishes between three forms of participation Citizen:
a) Participation: claim.
are movements of citizens to claim rights. Protected by various conventions for the protection of human rights in the constitutions of most states. For example, the organization of the disabled demanded equal opportunities, women's organizations greater equity in local development organizations of gay marriage rights, youth organizing more work, women are better milk glass quality and distribution of products, businesses promote local industries, etc.. are mechanisms of institutional demand.
b) participation: control. Association
taxpayers, neighbors, users, consumers, etc.., Demanding a better control of public spending by the Administration. Control
which legally formalized through legislation information, complaint, petition, consumer protection, regulation of plebiscites and referendums, public hearings, etc.
c) Participation: management. It embodies a genuine
substitute or submerged Administration, before the crisis of the welfare state (day care, welfare, sports and cultural activities, maintained by voluntary associations). The citizen through their organizations and do not want to be a guest idle, passive and melancholic role requires an actor of social and economic development of their locality, demands to be part of the planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of local management.
This is the modern and binding participation, proactive involvement and commitment to their welfare, this way we develop in this five year period, but we need to improve our capabilities for active action rather poor become agents of development. In this form of participation is what gives a higher concentration above mentioned international organizations and can be expressed in communal levels, municipal and national levels, either individually or collectively, through which it aims to:
1) Proximity and presence of citizens in decision-making levels
2) Establishment of mechanisms of social control.
3) Establishment and strengthening of instruments for achieving participatory democracy.
4) Municipal strengthening.
5) Decentralization and / or devolution of government to achieve social justice and equity.
6) Respect for organizational and social diversity.
There are other forms of civic participation among which we highlight: passive and active forms. The first is characterized by the population is only recipient of information and based on that issue their opinions, without this having an effect and binding decisions. While the second type of participation, citizens participate directly in the organization or government activity. Such participation can be expressed individually (right to request information or opt for public office, for example) and collectively (interest groups, labor, political parties, etc..).
3. BENEFITS FOR THE PUBLIC
a) Government programs directly affect the lives of citizens and institutions and traditional processes are not always are able to identify and resolve problems that groups of citizens perceive as serious.
b) Develop the capacity of the responsible and broad participation of the citizenry.
c) citizens can make valuable contributions to the planning and execution on the basis of their detailed knowledge of the conditions, needs and local desires.
d) In the latter respect, the participation of citizens in developing skills for public administration.
e) also contributes to depolarization of the company policy to establish common goals.
Citizen participation in governance will ensure the quality management: efficiency, effectiveness, sustainability, transparency, fairness, proper accountability and above all economic and social development.
Prats Catalá, distinguishes between three forms of participation Citizen:
a) Participation: claim.
are movements of citizens to claim rights. Protected by various conventions for the protection of human rights in the constitutions of most states. For example, the organization of the disabled demanded equal opportunities, women's organizations greater equity in local development organizations of gay marriage rights, youth organizing more work, women are better milk glass quality and distribution of products, businesses promote local industries, etc.. are mechanisms of institutional demand.
b) participation: control. Association
taxpayers, neighbors, users, consumers, etc.., Demanding a better control of public spending by the Administration. Control
which legally formalized through legislation information, complaint, petition, consumer protection, regulation of plebiscites and referendums, public hearings, etc.
c) Participation: management. It embodies a genuine
substitute or submerged Administration, before the crisis of the welfare state (day care, welfare, sports and cultural activities, maintained by voluntary associations). The citizen through their organizations and do not want to be a guest idle, passive and melancholic role requires an actor of social and economic development of their locality, demands to be part of the planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of local management.
This is the modern and binding participation, proactive involvement and commitment to their welfare, this way we develop in this five year period, but we need to improve our capabilities for active action rather poor become agents of development. In this form of participation is what gives a higher concentration above mentioned international organizations and can be expressed in communal levels, municipal and national levels, either individually or collectively, through which it aims to:
1) Proximity and presence of citizens in decision-making levels
2) Establishment of mechanisms of social control.
3) Establishment and strengthening of instruments for achieving participatory democracy.
4) Municipal strengthening.
5) Decentralization and / or devolution of government to achieve social justice and equity.
6) Respect for organizational and social diversity.
There are other forms of civic participation among which we highlight: passive and active forms. The first is characterized by the population is only recipient of information and based on that issue their opinions, without this having an effect and binding decisions. While the second type of participation, citizens participate directly in the organization or government activity. Such participation can be expressed individually (right to request information or opt for public office, for example) and collectively (interest groups, labor, political parties, etc..).
3. BENEFITS FOR THE PUBLIC
a) Government programs directly affect the lives of citizens and institutions and traditional processes are not always are able to identify and resolve problems that groups of citizens perceive as serious.
b) Develop the capacity of the responsible and broad participation of the citizenry.
c) citizens can make valuable contributions to the planning and execution on the basis of their detailed knowledge of the conditions, needs and local desires.
d) In the latter respect, the participation of citizens in developing skills for public administration.
e) also contributes to depolarization of the company policy to establish common goals.
Citizen participation in governance will ensure the quality management: efficiency, effectiveness, sustainability, transparency, fairness, proper accountability and above all economic and social development.
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